Corporate Bonds Explained: Income and Security for Your Portfolio

Corporate Bonds Explained: Income and Security for Your Portfolio

Bonds 5 minutes to read
Althea Spinozzi

Head of Fixed Income Strategy

Key Takeaways:

  • Corporate Bonds Offer Stability and Income: Corporate bonds are an effective way to diversify portfolios, offering predictable income through coupon payments, lower risk compared to stocks, and capital preservation, making them attractive for navigating uncertain markets.
  • Spreads Reflect Investor Confidence: U.S. corporate bond spreads, both high-yield and investment-grade, have tightened to pre-2008 levels, signaling strong investor confidence in the U.S. economy. European spreads, while narrow, are less tight due to slower economic growth and cautious risk appetite.
  • Accessible Through ETFs: Investors can gain exposure to corporate bonds via ETFs, with options like iShares USD Corporate Bond UCITS ETF for U.S. investment-grade bonds and iShares EUR High Yield Corporate Bond UCITS ETF for European high-yield bonds, catering to varying risk and return preferences.

Corporate Bonds: A Stable Income Opportunity Amid Tightening Spreads and Global Economic Divergence

Corporate bonds, whether through individual investments or ETFs, offer a compelling option for diversifying your portfolio and earning stable income in a challenging economic environment. By understanding the basics, assessing the macroeconomic landscape, and choosing suitable ETFs, investors can navigate the bond market with confidence and achieve their financial goals.

U.S., corporate bonds—both high-yield (HY) and investment-grade (IG)—have seen their spreads narrow to levels not seen since before the global financial crisis, reflecting strong investor confidence in the U.S. economy. Credit spreads refer to the difference in yield between corporate bonds and risk-free government bonds of similar maturity. This spread compensates investors for the additional risk of lending to a corporation instead of a government. When spreads tighten, it signals increased investor confidence and demand for corporate bonds, as the perceived risk of default decreases.

In Europe, credit spreads are also trading near the bottom of their 17-year range but have not tightened as substantially as U.S. corporate spreads. This disparity can be attributed to the relatively sluggish performance of the European economy compared to the robust growth in the U.S., which has made investors more cautious about taking on additional credit risk in Europe. This divergence highlights how regional economic dynamics influence the corporate bond market, making it essential for investors to consider these factors when building their portfolios.

Source: Bloomberg and Saxo.

Why Are Investors Focusing on Corporate Bonds Now?

Navigating a Complex Macroeconomic Environment

In today’s challenging economic climate, corporate bonds are gaining popularity as investors seek stability and income amid uncertainty. Here’s why:

  • Inflation Protection: Inflation that remains sticky and elecated erodes the value of future cash flows. Corporate bonds, especially high-yield ones, can offer higher yields that help cushion the impact of inflation.
  • Monetary Policy Uncertainty: Central banks, including the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank, are navigating uncertain economic conditions. Rate hikes and unexpected policy moves can shake markets, making corporate bonds an attractive buffer against volatility.
  • Diversification: Corporate bonds often have a low correlation with equities, providing a stabilizing effect in turbulent markets.
  • Credit Quality Matters: Investment-grade corporate bonds are seen as a safer haven for risk-averse investors, while high-yield bonds can be appealing for those seeking greater returns in exchange for taking on additional risk.

The Appeal of Corporate Bonds Amid Market Volatility

Corporate bonds provide:

  • Income: Regular coupon payments offer a predictable income stream.
  • Capital Preservation: Bondholders are prioritized over shareholders in case of bankruptcy, making corporate bonds a relatively safer investment.
  • Flexibility: Bonds can be held to maturity for predictable returns or traded in the secondary market for potential capital gains.

What Does It Entail to Invest in Corporate Bonds?

Corporate bonds are a way for investors to lend money to companies in exchange for periodic interest payments (known as coupons) and the return of the bond’s face value at maturity. These instruments are typically less risky than stocks but can provide steady income and capital preservation, making them a popular choice for diversifying portfolios.

  • How Corporate Bonds Work: When you invest in a corporate bond, you’re essentially giving a company a loan. The company promises to pay you interest (the coupon) and repay the principal amount at the end of the bond's term. For example, a 10-year bond with a 5% coupon purchased for $1,000 would pay you $50 annually until maturity.
  • Why Companies Issue Bonds: Companies use bonds to raise capital for projects, acquisitions, or refinancing debt. Issuing bonds is often cheaper and more flexible than obtaining a bank loan or issuing additional stock.
  • Types of Corporate Bonds:
    • Investment Grade (IG): Lower-risk bonds issued by companies with strong credit ratings.
    • High-Yield (HY): Higher-risk bonds issued by companies with lower credit ratings, offering higher returns to compensate for the increased risk.

Enticing Corporate Bond ETFs for Retail Investors

Here are some highly regarded ETFs that provide exposure to corporate bonds in USD, EUR, and GBP, catering to both investment-grade and high-yield preferences:

Investment-Grade (IG) Corporate Bond ETFs

  1. USD: iShares USD Corporate Bond UCITS ETF (LQDE)
    • Focus: U.S. investment-grade corporate bonds.
    • 12-month yield: Approximately 4.89%.
    • Ideal for: Stable income in USD.
  2. EUR: iShares Core EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF (IEAC)
    •  Focus: Euro-denominated investment-grade corporate bonds.
    • 12-year yield: Around 3.41%.
    • Ideal for: European investors seeking stability.

High-Yield (HY) Corporate Bond ETFs

  1. USD: iShares USD High Yield Corporate Bond UCITS ETF (IS0R)
    • Focus: U.S. dollar-denominated high-yield corporate bonds.
    • 12-month yield: Approximately 6.32%.
    • Ideal for: Investors seeking higher returns in exchange for greater risk.
  2. EUR: iShares EUR High Yield Corporate Bond UCITS ETF (IHYG)
    •  Focus: Euro-denominated high-yield corporate bonds.
    • 12-month yield: Around 6.15%.
    • Ideal for: European investors willing to take on more risk for higher income.

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